Backpack Buying Guide

Pack Size and Weight

What size (volume) pack do you need? That depends on how long your trip is, the gear you carry and how much your gear weighs. Backpack size is measured in cubic inches (cu. in.). You want the smallest pack that meets your needs. If you have extra space, you’ll fill it and increase pack weight unnecessarily. The current trend in backpacks and gear is ultralight. Ultralight gear is compact and takes up less pack space, reducing the overall pack size needed. Ultralight backpacks can weigh as little as 8oz for 3,800 cu. in. while some of the largest medium-weight (5,000 cu. in. and up) packs can tip the scales at close to 7 lbs.

Trip Length	Medium-Weight Volume (cu. in.)	Ultralight Volume (cu. in.)
0-1 days	1,000-2,000	1,000
2-3 days	3,500-4,000	2,400-2,750
3-5 days	4,000-5,000	2,750-3,500
7 + or longer winter expeditions	5,000-7,000	3,500-4,000

If you choose a pack that is larger than you actually need, look for excellent top compression for the empty space. Packs fit best when full. Need additional space on occasion? Size can usually be increased up to 1,000 cu. in. by using a top extender.

Don’t know if you want ultralight or medium-weight? Something to consider is convenience. Ultralight packs are typically comprised of one large internal pocket with an outside pocket to stow wet items and/or pockets to store water bottles. They’re easier to fill, but having to search for small items can be annoying. Medium-weight packs offer more outside pocket options. Beware the pack that offers too many outside pockets; if not filled properly the pack weight won’t be balanced and you’ll experience less stability on the trail. Pocket options are discussed in more detail later in the guide.

Frame Construction

The majority of today’s backpacks have internal frames. The benefit of internal frames is their ability to fit the curvature of your spine, an important factor to consider if you’ll be scrambling or bouldering and need your pack weight to work with your center of gravity. Internal frame packs are also good when you need to store all your gear inside and away from the elements. A drawback, for some, is lack of air circulation between your back and the pack itself. Manufacturer’s use of moisture-wicking materials helps, but doesn’t solve the entire problem.

Does this mean external frames are going the way of the dinosaur? Not at all. For hikers who require maximum stability for heavy loads (75-100lbs), external frames remain the favorite. Also, external frames cost less than internal, are simpler in design, have a few more pockets, and are easier to load/unload. If these features are important to you and flexibility isn’t top concern, an external frame pack might better suit your needs, especially if you plan to haul large supply loads to trail huts.

Adjustable Hipbelt and Shoulder Straps

Your pack will fit and feel best when the weight is transferred from your shoulders to your hips, where our bodies are designed bear it. Hipbelts and stays transfer that weight. Look for adjustable belts with medium firmness and that hug the hip bones and be sure your hipbelt is rigid enough to support the load without sagging. The best packs offer different hipbelt sizes. Hipbelts designed for women are also available.

Knowing your torso length is critical to finding a pack that works with your individual build. One-size-fits-most should be avoided in favor of packs that offer two or more sizes and the ability to fine tune the fit of both the hipbelt and shoulder straps. Like hipbelts, shoulder straps should be neither too hard nor too soft. Sternum straps are also available if you want need additional support so your arms can swing freely.

Pack Fitting Tips

Try on more than one pack and packs from more than one manufacturer.If possible, have an expert fit you; dress in layers and your hiking footwear to gauge comfort in close-to-actual conditions.Load and unload the pack with the approximate weight you’ll be carrying. You should be able to move your hips and shoulders freely and raise your knees to marching height; your head should have enough clearance to look up. Wear the loaded pack around the store and mimic movements you’ll make on the trail or inquire about pack rentals and try before you buy.

Pocket/Compartment Construction

Most packs are top-loaders, which allow you to pack more by using a built-in extender, and have bottom compartments for sleeping rolls. Side zipper or horseshoe compartments offer easiest access to gear, but what you choose will ultimately come down to personal taste.

How do you know what your taste in pockets is? If you like to be organized, you may be attracted to packs with lots of external pockets, but the organization you gain is lost by the temptation to fill them. Do that and you add weight to the pack’s edges which can compromise freedom to move. Robert Earle Howells, a former Josuha Tree rock-climbing instructor and contributor to Outside Online, prefers a single front pocket large enough to hold a rain jacket. Add a couple of water bottle holsters or hydration bladder sleeve, he says, and you’ve got all the extraneous compartments you need. On the pack top he recommends the floating pocket (top lid) be removable and convert to a daypack.

Hydration Bladders, Attachment Points, Additional Features

Look for pockets that accommodate various-sized hydration bladders; avoid hydration bladder pockets near the pack top, adding weight where you don’t want it. Hydration bladders are lighter than water bottles and you won’t carry bottles in winter (they’ll freeze)

Ice tool or trekking pole loops, daisy chains, crampon patches, quick release straps for skis.

Bartacked stitching, waterproofing, nonmetal zippers and overall durability (ultralight pack material is less durable and prone to damage in rougher terrain).

Warranty and repair policies (most manufacturers provide exceptional service in these areas).

Need to know more?

• Backpacks for Beginners
  http://www.thebackpacker.com/beginners/backpacks.php
• Backpack Fit
  http://www.adventuresportsonline.com/backpackfit.htm
• Finding your Torso and Hip Size
  http://www.rei.com/learn/LearnShareDetailArticlesList?categoryId=Camping&url=rei/learn/camp/fitbkpk2f.jsp